verb phrases & tenses

Verb Phrase

Understanding Verb Phrase

               Basically in the call as a verb phrase is a verb that does not stand alone (comprised of more than one word) but still meaningful / serves as a verb. So the purpose of the verb is a verb phrase that consists of two or more words, consider the example below:

Be + Present participle (-ing)

               Verb phrase can be arranged on a part of the verb be followed by a verb ending in ing. Which includes part be is is, am, are, was, and were.

example:

• We are discussing a problem.

• Shanti was watching TV.

Note that I underline where be followed by a verb ending in ing, so that it will form a verb phrase.

Have + Past participle (verb3)

               The mean by have also included and has had. While verb3 is a third form of a verb. Thus, the verb phrase can also be collated with have / has / had then followed verb3.

Example:

• I have eaten.

• Adi's lived in Yogyakarta.

• She had finished her homework

.Have visited                        I have visited Bali.

Have studied                      We have studied English.

Have been learning          I have been learning English.

Has been painting             Mr. Tom has been painting the ceiling of the house.

Were discussing                 We were discussing about this topic.

I was having                        was having lunch.

Tenses

1. Simple Present tenses

               The tenses are used to express something that is fixed, habits or ultimate truth. Because often about events at a time when lamapu, present, and future, these tenses have at least a certain time adverbs.

+) Subject + to be + verb I + Main verb
+) Subject + verbI +(s/es)

English sentences generally must have subject (s) and a predicate (p). Therefore all tenses will dipormulasi like that.

Formula:

+) Subject to be + verb + I + Main verb

+) Subject + Verbi + (s / es)

example:

* He is handsome

(he is handsome)

* Is he handsome?

(If he handsome?)

* He is not handsome

(He is not handsome)

Simple Present Tense is used when:

• It happened a general nature, or

• Happens all the time, or the habits of the past, present and future, or

• It was not just happening now, or

• Inter general truth, that other people can not deny its truth anymore.

2. Present Continuous Tense

The tenses are used to express an action that is actually being done at this time. Sentences in these tenses used more often than in the present tenses.

Formula:

subject + to be (is, am, are) + verb + ing

This tense is used to describe:

• Events that are happening right now, or

• Events that will occur in the future Dating

example:

+) She is cooking in the kitchen.

(She was cooking in the kitchen)

-) She is not cooking in the kitchen

(She's not cooking in the kitchen)

?) Is she cooking in the kitchen?

(Whether he was cooking in the kitchen?)

3. Present Perfect Tense

Formula:

subject + have + past participle (Verb Form 3rd)

This tense is used to:

• experience

• Changes

• The ongoing situation

Or to indicate an event that was completed in a short time (just finished)

Note the examples the following sentence:

+) They have met me

(They had met me)

?) Have they met me?

(Whether they've met me?

-) They have not met me

(They do not see me)

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula:

subject + have / has + been + K.Kerja + ing

Tense We use this to explain:

• One event / activity is just getting underway

• The actions that took place up until now (at the time of speech still occur)

Consider the following example sentences:

+) They have been playing football

(They have been playing football)

-) They have not been playing football

(Merka was not playing football)

?) They have been playing football?

(Do they see themselves been playing football?)

5. Simple Past Tense

Positive Sentence formula:

+ Verb Form subject to - 2

Negative Sentence formula:

subject + did + not + Verb Forms to - 1

Sentence formula Q:

Did + Verb + subject to Form - 1

Exception: When the predicate of a sentence is not a verb, then substitute the verb is was (I, she, he, it) and were (we, you, they).

When do we wear Simple Past Tense?

We use this tense to talk about an action that happened in the past.

Consider the following example sentences:

+) They were student last year

(Their students last year)

-) They were not a student last year

(They are not students of the last year)

?) Student were they last year?

(Whether they are students last year?)

6. Past Continuous Tense

Formula:

subject + was, were + Verb + ing

When do we use this Tense?

This tense describes an action or event at a specific time in the past.

Example:

+) We were joking.

-) We were not joking

?) Were we joking?

7. Past Perfect Tense

Formula:

had + subject + Verb Forms to - 3

When do we use the Past Perfect Tense?

This tense expresses actions in the past before another action happened, but it happened in the past.

Note:

+) I had listen on the radio when you come here

(I've heard the radio before you came

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula:

subject + had + been + Verb + ing

When Do We use the Past Perfect Continuous Tense?

Tense is the same usage with Past Perfect Tense, but expresses actions longer in the past before another action occurs.

Note:

She had been helping me when they went to scool

(He had was helping me when they have to go to school)

9. Simple Future Tense

Formula:

subject + WILL / SHALL + Verb Form I

When do we use the Simple Future Tense?

a. No plan or declare Previous actions / events that will be done in the future

For example:

• Hold on. I'll get a pen.

b. prediction

Example:

• It will rain tomorrow.

NON-VERBAL SENTENCE

When the predicate of a sentence is not a verb, then the use would it be to replace these verbs.

Example:

• I'll be in London tomorrow.

Note:

While we have no plans or desire to perform an activity in the future, then use be going to or Present Continuous Tense to replace will / shall.

10. Future Continuous Tense

Formula:

subject + WILL + BE + Verb + ing

When do we use the Future Continuous Tense?

This tense describes an action that will occur at a specific time in the future.

Example:

He will be teaching me at eight tomorrow

(She will was teaching me at eight o'clock tomorrow)

11. Future Perfect Tense

Formula:

subject + WILL + HAVE + Verb Forms to 3

When Do We Use Future Perfect Tense?

This tense we use to describe an activity that will occur in the future before the other activities going on.

Example:

They will be tired when they arrive.

(They would have been tired when they come)

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula:

Subject + WILL + HAVE BEEN + Verb + I + ing

When do we wear Future Perfect Continuous Tense?

We use this tense to talk about an action / activity long before some time in the future. 

Example:

• He will be tired when he arrives. He will have been traveling for 24 hours.

13. Past Future Tense

To declare an action / event that will happen in the past the

Formula:

subject + WOULD + Verb Form I

example:

She would not be at school tomorrow.

(He was not going to school tomorrow)

14. Future Past Continuous Tense

To declare an act that was happening in the past.

Formula:

+ subject + WOULD BE + Verb + ing

Example:

We would be having dinner at home yesterday.

(We will be having dinner at home yesterday)

15. Past Perfect Future Tense

to declare a prbuatan or events that will taking place in the past

Formula:

subject + WOULD + HAVE + Verb Forms to 3

Example:

she would have studied to be finished if he had not been lazy

(He would have graduated to learn if she is not lazy)

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

To declare an action / event that will be taking place in the past

Formula:

+ Subject + WOULD HAVE BEEN + Verb + I + ing

Example:

We would have been waiting long.

(We will already were waiting a long time)